Database Management system

DATA BASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Unit 1: INTRODUCTION TO DATA BASE CONCEPTS

Data Base Systems and their needs, Components of DBS, Operational data

representation, DBS architecture, Data Base Administrator and its role, Storage structure,

Indexing Techniques.

Unit 2: DATA MODELS

Relational, Hierarchical and Network Models, Higher level operators, Relational data

structural-relations, Domains, Attributes and Keys, Extensions, Intentions, Integrity rules

and constraints with examples of relational models

Unit 3: DATA NORMALIZATION

Concept of Normalization and Functional Dependencies (FD), First, Second and Third

normal forms of data relations, Fourth normal form, Query facilities: SQL & Embedded

SQL, Relational algebra, Relational calculus

Unit 4: DATA BASE ENVIRONMENT

Recovery, Transaction, Commit, Rollback and Sync. Points, Systems and Media

recovery, Concurrency problem, Locking, Deadlock, Security: General considerations,

Security in SQL, Views, Grant and Revoke mechanism, Integrity: General considerations

and examples, Query optimization.

Unit 5: CASE STUDIES

Relational Database System Design, Concepts of ORACLE, Interactive SQL, PL-SQL,

Creating Views, Object Oriented Data Base, Parallel & Distributed Data Bases.

Books:

• Date, C. J: "Introduction. To Data Base Systems", Addison Wesley 6

th

ed. 1996.

• Abraham Silberchatz, "Data Base System Concepts", McGraw Hill Int., 1997.

• Ullman, "Principles of Database Systems". Galgotia Pub. 1995.

• Ivan Bayross. "Oracle Developer 2000", B. P. B. Publication, 1997 Computer Organization

Unit I

Introduction to Computer Organization

Structure and function of a computer, components of a computer, organization of a

computer.

Unit II

Process Unit

Instructions, operations, and operands, addressing modes, instruction formats, data path

in a CPU, control unit implementation, micro programmed control, characteristics of

CISC and RISC processors, performance of a processing unit.

Unit III

Memory Subsystem

Memory hierarchy, main memory unit, internal organization of a memory chip,

organization of a main memory unit, SRAM, DRAM, and ROM, error corrective

memories, interleaved memory units, cache memory unit, concepts of cache memory,

mapping functions, organization of virtual memory, address translation, hardware support

for memory management.

Unit IV

Input/Output Subsystems

Access of I/O devices, I/O ports, I/O control mechanism, program controlled I/O,

interrupted I/O, DMA controlled I/O, I/O interface, system buses, peripherals, terminals,

video displays, magnetic tapes, magnetic storage disks, CD ROMs.

Unit V

High Performance Processor

Instructions pipelining, pipeline hazards, super scalar processors, performance

consideration, multi processor system, shared memory systems, interconnection

networks, cache in multiprocessor systems.

Unit VI

Number system, Boolean algebra, flip-flops, combinational circuit, sequential circuits.

Books

• J L Hennessy and D A Patterson, Computer Organization and Design, the

Hardware/ Software Interface, Morgan Kaufmann, 1994.

• J L Hennessy and D A Patterson, Computer Architecture- A quantitative

approach, Morgan Kaufmann, 1994

• V C Hamacher, Z G Vranesic and S G Zaky, Computer Organization, 4

th

Edition,

McGraw Hill, 1996. Object Oriented Technology

UNIT 1

Object Oriented Paradigm, Structured vs Object Oriented Development, Concept of

Object and classes, Encapsulation, Polymorphism, Inheritance Generic Programming,

Merits and demerits of OOP.

Classes and Objects, Introduction, Class specification, Class objects, Defining member

function, Inline functions, Data Hiding, Empty class, Pointers inside a class, Passing

objects as parameters, Returning objects from functions, Friend function and class, Static

data and member functions. Constructors and destructors, Overloading of constructors,

Dynamic initialization through constructors, Copy constructors, Static data members with

constructors and destructors. Pointers to objects, Array of objects, this pointer, Self

referential classes.

UNIT 2

Overloading, Function and Operator overloading, Overloading of unary and Binary

operators, Limitations of overloading of increment and decrement operators, overloading

of arithmetic, Relational, assignment, new and delete, subscript operators. Data

conversion between objects. Complete conversion. Overloading through friend functions.

Tracing of memory leaks.

UNIT 3

Inheritance: Declaration of derived class, forms of inheritance, constructors and

destructors in derived class, types of inheritance, abstract class,

Virtual functions: Need of virtual functions, Pointers to derived class objects, Pure

virtual functions, Virtual destructors, Rules of writing virtual function

UNIT 4

Generic programming : Function and Class templates, Overloadable function

templates, Inheritance of class templates, Class templates with overloadable operators.

Exception handling: Error and exception, exception handling constructs, Throwing an

exception, Catching all exception.

UNIT 5

Stream computation with files: Hierarchy of File stream classes, opening and closing of

files, File modes, Saving and reading of objects, handling of errors during file

manipulation.

Books:

• The C++ Programming Language by [url removed, login to view], Pearson Education.

• Thinking in C++ by Bruce Eckel , Pearson Education

• Object Oriented Programming in C++ by [url removed, login to view], PHI

• Mastering C++ by Venugopal and et all, Tata McGraw Hill

• C++ How to Program by Deital and Deital, Pearson Education Operating System

Unit 1: Introduction

Evolution of operating system , serial processing, Batch processing system,

Multiprogramming system, Multi programmed batch system, Time sharing system,

parallel system, distributed system, Real time system, operating system structure, System

component.

Unit 2: Process Management

Process state , process control block, process scheduling, type of schedulers, scheduling

algorithm. Multiple processor scheduling, Real time scheduling, operation of process,

cooperating process, Concept of threading, Interprocess communication,

Synchronization, critical section problem, Synchronization of hardware, semaphore,

classical problem of synchronization, Critical Region, Monitors

Unit 3: Memory Management

Continuous allocation, Memory allocation, Static and dynamic swapping, relocation,

Compaction, protection, sharing, Segmentation, Non contiguous allocation, paging,

virtual memory, Management, operation, Allocation and Replacement policies, working

set theory, Segmentation AND paging combined, file system structure, file system

implementation, directory implementation, Allocation methods.

Unit 4: Scheduling & Deadlocks

Disk structure, Disk-Scheduling: FCFS, SSTF, SCAN, Look, C-Look, Dead lock-

deadlock characterization, Methods for handling deadlock, Deadlock prevention,

Deadlock avoidance, Deadlock Detection, Recovery from deadlock

Unit 5: Security

Security threats – Protection – intruders – Viruses – trusted System.

BOOKS:

• Operating Systems’ – Internal and Design Principles Stallings, Pearson

education/PHI

• Operating System Principles- Silberchatz and. Galvin, “Operatng system concept,

John Wiley publication Communication System

UNIT 1 ANALOG MODULATION

Classification of signals, difference between analog& digital signals, elements of a

communication system. AM, FM, PM.

UNIT 2 RECEIVERS & TRANSMITTERS

Generation and Detection of AM & FM signals, Radio transmitters and receivers,

Introduction to transmitting & receiving Antennas, PLL, AGC, AFC, Tracking Diversity.

UNIT 3 COMMUNICATION MEDIUM

Concept of BW, Noises & Channel Capacity of different communication system such as

two wire, Coaxial cable, wave guides, Microwave, Satellite, Fiber-optics etc.

UNIT 4 DIGITAL MODULATION

Information Capacity, sampling Theorem, PCM< Delta modulation, Comparison of PCM

& DM .The Complete PCM system, Spread Spectrum, Communication Multiplexing

(TDM, FDM) Switching(Circuit, Message,& Packet).

UNIT 5 DIGITAL MODULATION TECHNIQUES

PSK, FSK, DPSK, Synchronous & Asynchronous Communication, Start Stop bit data

transfer Bit level transfer Byte level data transfer, data transfer efficiency. Modems

(Synchronous & Asynchronous) Error detection and correction methods (Parity bit,

Block Parity, Hamming Code Checksum error detection etc.)

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